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History

Main article: History of the Indian cricket team

Kumar Shri Ranjitsinhji was an Indian who played for the English cricket team

The British brought cricket to India in the early 1700s, with the first cricket match played in 1721.^[9] In 1848, the Parsi community in Bombay formed the Oriental Cricket Club, the first cricket club to be established by Indians. After slow beginnings, the Europeans eventually invited the Parsis to play a match in 1877.^[10] By 1912, the Parsis,Sikhs, Hindus, and Muslims of Bombay played a quadrangular tournament with the Europeans every year.^[10] In the early 1900s, some Indians went on to play for the English cricket team. Some of these, such as Ranjitsinhji and KS Duleepsinhji were greatly appreciated by the British and their names went on to be used for the Ranji Trophy and Duleep Trophy- two major first class tournaments in India. In 1911, an Indian team went on their first official tour of England, but only played English county teams and not the English cricket team.^[11] India was invited into The Imperial Cricket Council in 1926 and made its debut as a Test-cricket-playing-nation in 1932 led by CK Nayudu.^[12] The match was given Test status despite being only 3 days in length. The team was not strong in its batting at this point and went on to lose by 158 runs.^[13] The Indian team continued to improve throughout the 1930s and '40s but did not achieve an international victory during this period. The team's first series as an independent country was in 1948 against Sir Donald Bradman's Invincibles (a name given to the Australia national cricket team of that time). Australia won the five-match series, 4–0.^[14]
India recorded their first Test victory against England at Madras (now Chennai) in 1952.^[15] Later in the same year, they won their first Test series, which was against Pakistan.^[16] They continued their improvement throughout the early 1950s with a series win against New Zealand in 1956. However, they did not win again in the remainder of the decade and lost badly to strong Australian and English sides. The next decade saw India's reputation develop as a team with a strong record at home. They won their first Test series against England at home in 1961–62, and also won a home series against New Zealand. They also managed to draw home series against Pakistan and Australia, and another series against England. In this same period, India also won its first series outside the subcontinent, against New Zealand in 1967–68.
The key to India's bowling in the 1970s were the Indian spin quartet – Bishen Bedi, E.A.S. Prasanna, BS Chandrasekhar and Srinivas Venkataraghavan. This period also saw the emergence of two of India's best ever batsmen, Sunil Gavaskar and Gundappa Viswanath. Indian pitches have had tendency to support spin and the spin quartet exploited this to create collapses in opposing batting line-ups. These players were responsible for the back-to-back series wins in 1971 in the West Indies and in England, under the captaincy of Ajit Wadekar. Gavaskar scored 774 runs in the West Indian series while Dilip Sardesai's 112 played a big part in their one Test win.

A graph showing India's Test match results against all Test match teams from 1932 to September 2006

The advent of One-Day International cricket in 1971 created a new dimension in the cricket world. However, India was not considerably strong in ODIs at this point and batsmen such as the captain Gavaskar were known for their defence-based approaches to batting. India began as a weak team in ODIs and did not manage to qualify for the second round in the first two editions of the Cricket World Cup. Gavaskar infamously blocked his way to 36 not out off 174 balls against England in the first World Cup in 1975, India scored just 132 for 3 and lost by 202 runs.
In contrast, India fielded a strong team in Test matches and were particularly strong at home where their combination of stylish batsman and beguiling spinners were seen at their best. India set a then test record in the third Test against the West Indies at Port-of-Spain in 1976 when they chased 403 to win thanks to 112 from Vishwanath. This West Indian defeat is considered to be a watershed in the history of their cricket because it led to captain Clive Lloyd dispensing with spin altogether and relying entirely on a four man pace attack. In November 1976 the team established another record by scoring 524 for 9 declared against New Zealand at Kanpur without an individual scoring a century. There were six fifties, the highest being 70 by Mohinder Amarnath. The innings was the eighth instance in Test cricket where all eleven batsmen reached double figures.
During the 1980s, India developed a more attack minded batting line-up with stroke makers such as the wristy Mohammed Azharuddin, Dilip Vengsarkar and all-rounder Ravi Shastri prominent during this time. India won the Cricket World Cup in 1983, defeating the then favourites West Indies in the final, owing to a strong bowling performance. In spite of this the team performed poorly in the Test arena, including 28 consecutive Test matches without a victory. In 1984, India won the Asia Cup and in 1985, won the World Championship of Cricket in Australia. Apart from this, India remained a very weak team outside the Indian subcontinent. India's Test series victory in 1986 against England remained the last Test series win by India outside the subcontinent for the next 19 years. The 1987 Cricket World Cup was held in India. The 1980s saw Gavaskar and Kapil Dev (India's best all rounder to this date) at the pinnacle of their careers. Gavaskar made a Test record 34 centuries as he became the first man to reach the 10,000 run mark. Kapil Dev later became the highest wicket taker in Test cricket with 434 wickets. The period was also marked by an unstable leadership, with Gavaskar and Kapil exchanging the captaincy several times.

With 619 wickets, Anil Kumble is the world's third highest wicket taker in Tests and India's highest Test and ODI wicket taker .^[17]

The addition of Sachin Tendulkar and Anil Kumble to the national side in 1989 and 1990 further improved the team. The following year, Javagal Srinath, India's fastest bowler since Amar Singh made his debut. Despite this, during the 1990s, India did not win any of its 33 Tests outside the subcontinent while it won 17 out of its 30 Tests at home. After being eliminated by neighbours Sri Lanka on home soil at the 1996 Cricket World Cup, the team underwent a year of change as Sourav Ganguly and Rahul Dravid, later to become captains of the team, made their debut in the same Test at Lord's. Tendulkar replaced Azharuddin as captain in late 1996, but after a personal and team form slump, Tendulkar relinquished the captaincy and Azharuddin was reinstalled at the beginning of 1998. With the captaincy burden removed, Tendulkar was the world's leading run-scorer in both Tests and ODIs, as India enjoyed a home Test series win over Australia, the best ranked team in the world. After failing to reach the semifinals at the 1999 Cricket World Cup, Tendulkar was again made captain, and had another poor run, losing 3–0 on a tour of Australia and then 2–0 at home to South Africa. Tendulkar resigned, vowing never to captain the team again, with Sourav Ganguly appointed the new captain. The team was further damaged in 2000 when former captain Azharuddin and fellow batsman Ajay Jadeja were implicated in a match-fixing scandal and given life bans.
Since 2000, the Indian team underwent major improvements with the appointment of John Wright as India's first ever foreign coach. India maintained their unbeaten home record against Australia in Test series after defeating them in 2001. The series was famous for the Kolkata Test match, in which India became only the third team in the history of Test cricket to win a Test match after following on. Australian captain Steve Waugh labelled India as the "Final Frontier" as a result of his side's inability to win a Test series in India.^[18] Victory in 2001 against the Australians marked the beginning of a dream run for India under their captain Sourav Ganguly, winning Test matches in Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka, West Indies and England. The England series is also known for India's highest ODI run-chase of 325 runs at Lord's which came in the Natwest ODI Series final against England. In the same year, India were joint winners of the ICC Champions Trophy with Sri Lanka, and then went to the 2003 Cricket World Cup in South Africa where they reached the final only to be beaten by Australia. The 2003–2004 season also saw India play out a Test series in Australia where they drew 1–1 with world champions, and then win a Test and ODI series in Pakistan.

The Indian cricket team in action in the Wankhede Stadium

At the end of the 2004 season, India suffered from lack of form and fitness from its older players. A defeat in a following home Test series against Australia was followed by an ODI home series defeat against Pakistan followed by a Test series levelled 1–1. Greg Chappell took over from John Wright as the new coach of the Indian cricket team following the series, and his methods proved to be controversial during the beginning of his tenure. The tension resulted in a fallout between Chappell and Ganguly, resulting in Rahul Dravid being made captain. This triggered a revival in the team's fortunes, following the emergence of players like Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Suresh Raina, and the coming of age of players like Irfan Pathan and Yuvraj Singh. A thumping home series victory over Sri Lanka in 2005 and a drawn series with South Africa put India at 2nd place in the ICC ODI rankings. This was followed by a convincing ODI series win in Pakistan in early 2006 following a loss in the Test series, which gave India the world record of 17 successive ODI victories while batting second.^[19] Towards the middle of 2006 however, a 4–1 series loss in the West Indies gave rise to a slump in India's ODI form, while they achieved a 1–0 victory in the Test series that followed, giving them their first Test series victory in the Caribbean since 1971. India's ODI form, however, slumped further with a disappointing performance in the 2006 Champions Trophy and a drubbing in the ODI series in South Africa. This was followed yet again by an initial good performance in the Tests, giving India its first Test match win in South Africa, although they went on to lose the series 2–1. This Test series was marked by Ganguly's comeback to the Indian team.^[20]
The beginning of 2007 had seen a revival in the Indian team's ODI fortunes before the 2007 Cricket World Cup. Series victories against the West Indies and Sri Lanka, marked by the comeback of Ganguly, and strong form by Tendulkar, and the emergence of young attacking players like Robin Uthappa saw many pundits to tip India as a real chance to do well at the 2007 Cricket World Cup. However, defeats to Bangladesh and Sri Lanka saw India fail to reach the final eight. India's traditional strengths have always been its line-up of spin bowlers and batsmen.^[21] Recently, it has a very strong batting line-up with Rahul Dravid, Sachin Tendulkar and Virender Sehwag all being selected to play for the ICC World XI in the 2005 "SuperTest" against Australia. In previous times, India was unique in that it was the only country to regularly field three spinners in one team, whereas one is the norm, and of the fifteen players to have taken more than 100 wickets, only four were pace bowlers from the last 20 years.^[22] However in recent years, Indian pace bowling has improved, with the emerging talents of Zaheer Khan, Irfan Pathan, Rudra Pratap Singh, Munaf Patel and Ishant Sharma many more playing in the national team.
In December 2006, it played and won its first ever Twenty20 international in South Africa, becoming the most recent Test team to play Twenty20 cricket. After winning the Test series against England in August 2007, Rahul Dravid stepped down as the captain of the team following which Mahendra Singh Dhoni was made the captain of the Twenty20 and ODI team. In September 2007, it won the first ever Twenty20 World Cup held in South Africa, beating Pakistan by 5 runs in the final. Then they toured Australia with a controversial series that they lost 2–1 in test but come back for a whitewash final against them.^[23]
After beating Sri Lanka 2–0 in December 2009, India become the No. 1 team in the world. then retained by drawing a series to South Africa and Sri Lanka confirmed their rankings. In October 2010 India won the test series 2–0 against Australia giving them back to back series win vs them. Then they got the first drawn series in South Africa.^[24] When India slipped to a 4–0 defeat to England in August 2011, England replaced India as the No. 1 Test team.^[25]
On 2 April 2011, India won the 2011 Cricket World Cup, defeating Sri Lanka in the final, thus becoming the second team after West Indies and Australia to win it twice, the previous win being in 1983. Gautam Gambhir and the skipper Mahendra Singh Dhoni led the way with classy innings of 97 and 91*, respectively. As Sri Lanka's stalwart batsman Mahela Jayawardene scored a brilliant 88-ball 103-run century and yet ended up on the losing side, he also became the first player in World Cup final history to end up on the losing side despite scoring a century.^[26]

Governing body

Main article: Board of Control for Cricket in India

The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) is the governing body for the Indian cricket team and first class cricket in India. The Board has been operating since 1929 and represents India at the International Cricket Council. It is amongst the richest sporting organisations in the world, and it sold media rights for India's matches from 2006–2010 for US$ 612,000,000.^[27] It manages the Indian team's sponsorships, its future tours and team selection.
The International Cricket Council determines India's upcoming matches through its future tours program. However, the BCCI, with its influential financial position in the cricketing world, has often challenged the ICC's program and called for more tours between India, Australia, Pakistan and England which are more likely to earn more revenue as opposed to tours with Bangladesh or Zimbabwe.^[28] In the past, the BCCI has also come into conflict with the ICC regarding sponsorships^[29] and the legitimacy of the ICC Champions Trophy.

Selection Committee

Main article: Indian national cricket selectors

Selection for the Indian cricket team occurs through the BCCI's zonal selection policy, where each of the five zones is represented with one selector and one of the members nominated by BCCI as the Chairman of the Selection Committee. This has sometimes led to controversy as to whether these selectors are biased towards their zones.^[30]
The current chairman of Selection Committee is Krishnamachari Srikkanth. Yashpal Sharma, Narendra Hirwani, Surendra Bhave and Raja Venkat are the other members of the selection committee^[31] whose terms started in September 2008 with BCCI holding the rights for a one-year extension.

Tournament history

World Cup record
Year	Round	Position	GP	W	L	T	NR
1975	Round 1	6/8	3	1	2	0	0
1979	Round 1	7/8	3	0	3	0	0
1983	Champions	1/8	8	6	2	0	0
1987	Third Place	3/8	7	5	2	0	0
1992	Round 1	7/9	8	2	5	0	1
1996	Third Place	3/12	7	4	3	0	0
1999	R2 (Super 6s)	6/12	8	4	4	0	0
2003	Runners-Up	2/14	11	9	2	0	0
2007	Round 1	10/16	3	1	2	0	0
2011	Champions	1/14	9	7	1	1	0
2015	-	–	–	–	–	–	–
2019	-	–	–	–	–	–	–
Total	12/12	2 titles	67	39	26	1	1

World Twenty20 record
Year	Round	Position	GP	W	L	T	NR
2007	Champions	1/12	7	5	1	0	1
2009	Super 8s	7/12	5	2	3	0	0
2010	Super 8s	8/12	5	2	3	0	0
2012	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
2014	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total	5/5	1 title	17	9	7	0	1

Other Major Tournaments
ICC Champions Trophy	Asia Cup
1998: Semi Finals 2000: Runners Up 2002: Joint Champions with Sri Lanka 2004: Round 1 2006: Round 1 2009: Round 1	1984: Champions 1986: Boycott 1988: Champions 1990/1991: Champions 1995: Champions 1997: Runners Up 2000: 3rd Place 2004: Runners Up 2008: Runners Up 2010: Champions 2012: 3rd Place

Defunct Tournaments
Commonwealth Games^†	Asian Test Championship	Austral-Asia Cup
1998: Round 1	1999: 3rd Place 2001: Boycott	1986:Runners Up 1990:Round 1 1994:Runners Up

†Cricket was played only at the 1998 Commonwealth Games.

Individual Records

Sachin Tendulkar celebrates his 38th Test century during a match against Australia in 2008. Tendulkar holds multiple world records including the world's leading run-scorer and century maker in both Tests and ODIs.^[32]

Main article: Indian cricket team records

Sachin Tendulkar, who began playing for India as a 16-year-old in 1989 and has since become the most prolific run-scorer in the history of both Test and ODI cricket, is easily the batsman with the most national achievements. He holds the record of most appearances in both Tests and ODIs, most runs in both Tests and ODIs and most centuries in Tests and ODIs. The highest score by an Indian is the 319 scored by Virender Sehwag in Chennai. It is the second triple century in Test cricket by an Indian, the first being a 309 also made by Sehwag although against Pakistan. The team's highest ever score was a 726/9 against Sri Lanka at Brabourne Stadium, Mumbai in 2009, while its lowest was 42 against England in 1974. In ODIs, the team's highest is 413/5 against Bermuda in the 2007 Cricket World Cup. In the same match, India set a world record of the highest winning margin of 257 runs in an ODI match.Virender Sehwag
India also has had some very strong bowling figures, with spin bowler Anil Kumble being a member of the elite group of 3 bowlers who have taken 600 Test wickets. In 1999, Anil Kumble emulated Jim Laker to become the second bowler to take all ten wickets in a Test match innings when he took 10 wickets for 74 runs against Pakistan at the Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi.
Many of the Indian cricket team's records are also world records, for example Sachin Tendulkar's century tally (in Tests and ODIs) and run tally (also in both Tests and ODIs). Mahendra Singh Dhoni's 183 not out against Sri Lanka in 2005 is the world record score by a wicketkeeper in ODIs. The Indian cricket team also holds the record sequence of 17 successful run-chases in ODIs,^[33] which ended in a dramatic match against the West Indies in May 2006, which India lost by just 1 run when Yuvraj Singh was bowled by Dwayne Bravo's full toss.
Sachin Tendulkar was the first batsman to score 200 runs (He was unbeaten at 200* which he achieved from 147 deliveries) (25x4 | 3x6), in a single innings, in an ODI on the 24 Feb 2010 against South Africa in Gwalior. On 8 December 2011, this achievement was eclipsed by compatriot Virender Sehwag, who scored 219 runs from 149 deliveries (25x4 | 7x6) versus West Indies in Indore, making the ODI double century club exclusively Indian.

Team colours

Since colours have made their way in International Cricket, Indian National Cricket Team has chosen blue as their primary colour and have worn one or the other shade of blue. The blue colour of their uniform has also earned them the nickname of "Men in Blue". With the advent of the World Series Cup in the 1970s, each team was to don a primary and secondary colour on their uniforms. The Indian team elected to wear light-blue as their primary colour and yellow as their secondary colour. Even during the 1999 Cricket World Cup the secondary colour on the Indian cricket team's clothing has been yellow. However, this has since been removed and replaced with the tricolour. However, in the past the Indian ODI outfits were changed to different shades of blue, mostly darker than the current,^{[citation needed]} and the team donned purple during 1992, and then the sky blue colour for the next decade. Indian team has got a new kit from 2009 which is feroza blue with India written on it in Orange.^[34] Currently, from October 2010, the team is once again using a light blue shade though not as light as the previous sky blue one, with India written in orange, and shades of the tri-colour at the sides. The kit sponsor for the Indian Cricket Team is Nike, which in 2005 bought the kit rights in a $27.2 million contract with BCCI.^[35]
Due to their love for blue color Nike with Board for Control of Cricket in India launched the mega campaign called "Bleed Blue" for the support of Indian team in ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 which turned out to be a huge success and people over the internet and places adopted this to cheer for India.^[36]
A new ultramarine blue colored jersey of the one-day cricket team was released on 20 October 2010 .,^[37] for the upcoming tours and ICC Cricket World Cup, the jersey has been designed by team's apparel and kit sponsor Nike. Previously, the Indian cricket team has worn a darker shade of blue and before that the team has worn sky blue. The vertical tri-colour band has been made on both sides in comparison to just one side in previous shirt. The name of sponsor Sahara had been removed from the chest as per ICC norms and is now on the left arm and on the right arm Nike logo is visible. The name and jersey number of the player is printed in orange at the back while on the chest the logo of BCCI is on the left side and the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 logo in white can be seen on the right side. The one-day cap was also sky blue with the BCCI logo on the front.
When playing first-class cricket, in addition to their cricket whites, Indian fielders sometimes wear a sunhat, which is dark blue and has a wide brim, with the BCCI logo in the middle of the front of the hat. Helmets are coloured similarly. Some players sport the Indian flag on their helmet. The current kit sponsor for the Indian team is Nike, Inc.

Test cricket grounds

Main article: List of cricket grounds in India

MAC

PCA

Locations of all stadiums which have hosted a Test match within India

There are numerous world-renowned cricket stadiums located in India. Most grounds are under the administration of various State Cricket Boards as opposed to being under the control of the BCCI. The Bombay Gymkhana was the first ground in India to host a full-scale cricket match featuring an Indian cricket team. This was between the Parsis and the Europeans in 1877. The first stadium to host a Test match in India was also the Gymkhana Ground in Bombay in 1933, the only Test it ever hosted. The second and third Tests in the 1933 series were hosted at Eden Gardens and Chepauk. The Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi was the first stadium to host a Test match after independence, a draw against the West Indies in 1948, the first of a 5-Test series. Nineteen stadiums in India have hosted official Test matches. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of world-class cricket stadiums in India, with multiple Test venues in Lucknow, Chandigarh, Chennai and Mumbai.
Eden Gardens in Kolkata has hosted the most Tests, and also has the largest capacity of any cricket stadium in the world, being capable of holding more than 90,000 spectators.^[38] Founded in 1864, it is one of the most historical stadiums in India, having hosted numerous controversial and historical matches.^[39] Other major stadiums in India include the Feroz Shah Kotla, which was established in 1883 and hosted memorable matches including Anil Kumble's ten wickets in an innings haul against Pakistan. For the last two years, the ground has been undergoing renovation.^[40]
The Bombay Gymkhana hosted the first ever test match in India, the only test it has hosted to date. Wankhede Stadium, established in 1974 it has a capacity to hold 33,000 spectators is currently the most popluar venue in the city. It has hosted 21 Test matches. It was the unofficial successor of the Brabourne Stadium, which is also located in Mumbai. Mumbai is often considered the cricketing capital of India because of its fans and the talent it produces (see Mumbai cricket team) and thus the stadium regularly hosts major Test matches.^[41] The M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chepauk is also considered to be an important historical Indian cricket ground, established in the early 1900s it was the site of India's first Test victory.^[42] Similarly, the Barabati Stadium, Gandhi Stadium, K. D. Singh Babu Stadium, Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium, Nehru Stadium, Sector 16 Stadium and University Ground have not hosted a Test match in the last 10 years.

Stadium	City	Test matches
Eden Gardens	Kolkata	37
Feroz Shah Kotla	Delhi	29
M. A. Chidambaram Stadium	Chepauk, Chennai	28
Wankhede Stadium	Mumbai	21
Green Park	Kanpur	19
Brabourne Stadium	Mumbai	18
M. Chinnaswamy Stadium	Bangalore	17
Sardar Patel Stadium (Gujarat)	Motera, Ahmedabad	10
Nehru Stadium	Chennai	9
Vidarbha C.A. Stadium	Nagpur	9
Punjab Cricket Association Stadium	Mohali, Punjab	7
Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium	Hyderabad	3
Barabati Stadium	Cuttack	2
Bombay Gymkhana	Mumbai	1
Gandhi Stadium	Jalandhar, (Punjab)	1
K. D. Singh Babu Stadium	Lucknow	1
Sawai Mansingh Stadium	Jaipur	1
Sector 16 Stadium	Chandigarh, (Punjab)	1
University Ground	Lucknow	1
Rajiv Gandhi Stadium	Hyderabad	1

Personnel

This lists all the players who hold a Central Contract by BCCI and also those who have played for India in the past year, and the forms in which they have played. The BCCI awards central contracts to its players, its pay graded according to the importance of the player. Correct as of May 2012.
Key

C/G = Contract grade
S/N = Shirt number

Name	Age	Batting Style	Bowling Style	Domestic team	Zone	C/G	Forms	S/N	IPL Team
Captain and wicket-keeper
Mahendra Singh Dhoni	30	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium	Jharkhand	East	A	Test, ODI, T20I	7	Chennai Super Kings
Vice Captain and Middle-order batsman
Virat Kohli	23	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium	Delhi	North	A	Test, ODI, T20I	18	Royal Challengers Bangalore
Opening batsmen
Shikhar Dhawan	26	Left Hand Bat		Delhi	North	C	ODI, T20I	16	Deccan Chargers
Gautam Gambhir	30	Left Hand Bat	Leg Break	Delhi	North	A	Test, ODI, T20I	5	Kolkata Knight Riders
Abhinav Mukund	22	Left Hand Bat	Leg Break	Tamil Nadu	South	C	Test		Chennai Super Kings
Ajinkya Rahane	24	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium	Mumbai	West	C	ODI, T20I	37	Rajasthan Royals
Virender Sehwag	33	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Delhi	North	A	Test, ODI, T20I	N/A^[43]	Delhi Daredevils
Robin Uthappa	26	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium	Karnataka	South	–	T20I	17	Pune Warriors
Murali Vijay	28	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Tamil Nadu	South	C	Test, ODI	1	Chennai Super Kings
Middle-order batsmen
Subramaniam Badrinath	31	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Tamil Nadu	South	C	ODI, T20I	33	Chennai Super Kings
V. V. S. Laxman	37	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Hyderabad	South	A	Test	22	–
Cheteshwar Pujara	24	Right Hand Bat	Leg Break	Saurashtra	West	C	–	15	Royal Challengers Bangalore
Suresh Raina	25	Left Hand Bat	Off Break	Uttar Pradesh	Central	A	Test, ODI, T20I	48	Chennai Super Kings
Rohit Sharma	25	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Mumbai	West	B	ODI, T20I	45	Mumbai Indians
Sachin Tendulkar	39	Right Hand Bat	Leg Break/Off Break	Mumbai	West	A	Test, ODI	10	Mumbai Indians
Manoj Tiwary	26	Right Hand Bat	Leg Break	Bengal	East	C	ODI, T20I	90	Kolkata Knight Riders
Wicket-keepers
Dinesh Karthik	27	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Tamil Nadu	South	C	–	19	Mumbai Indians
Parthiv Patel	27	Left Hand Bat		Gujarat	West	C	ODI, T20I	42	Deccan Chargers
Wriddhiman Saha	27	Right Hand Bat		Bengal	East	C	Test	6	Chennai Super Kings
All-rounders
Ravindra Jadeja	23	Left Hand Bat	Slow Left Arm	Saurashtra	West	B	ODI, T20I	88	Chennai Super Kings
Irfan Pathan	27	Left Hand Bat	Left Medium Fast	Baroda	West	C	ODI	56	Delhi Daredevils
Yusuf Pathan	29	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Baroda	West	B	ODI, T20I	27	Kolkata Knight Riders
Yuvraj Singh	30	Left Hand Bat	Slow Left Arm	Punjab	North	A	Test, ODI	12	Pune Warriors
Pace bowlers
Varun Aaron	22	Right Hand Bat	Right Fast	Jharkhand	East	C	Test, ODI	77	Delhi Daredevils
Ashok Dinda	28	Right Hand Bat	Right Fast Medium	Bengal	East	C	ODI	2	Pune Warriors
Zaheer Khan	33	Right Hand Bat	Left Fast Medium	Mumbai	West	A	Test, ODI	34	Royal Challengers Bangalore
Praveen Kumar	25	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium Fast	Uttar Pradesh	Central	B	Test, ODI, T20I	8	Kings XI Punjab
Vinay Kumar	28	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium Fast	Karnataka	South	C	Test, ODI, T20I	23	Royal Challengers Bangalore
Abhimanyu Mithun	22	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium Fast	Karnataka	South	C	Test, ODI	25	Royal Challengers Bangalore
Munaf Patel	28	Right Hand Bat	Right Medium Fast	Maharashtra	West	C	Test, ODI, T20I	13	Mumbai Indians
Ishant Sharma	23	Right Hand Bat	Right Fast Medium	Delhi	North	A	Test, ODI	29	Deccan Chargers
Rudra Pratap Singh	26	Right Hand Bat	Left Fast Medium	Uttar Pradesh	Central	–	Test, ODI	9	Mumbai Indians
S Sreesanth	29	Right Hand Bat	Right Fast Medium	Kerala	South	C	Test, ODI	36	Rajasthan Royals
Jaydev Unadkat	20	Right Hand Bat	Left Medium Fast	Saurashtra	West	C	–		Kolkata Knight Riders
Umesh Yadav	24	Right Hand Bat	Right Fast	Vidarbha	Central	C	Test, ODI	50	Delhi Daredevils
Spin bowlers
Ravichandran Ashwin	25	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Tamil Nadu	South	B	Test, ODI, T20I	99	Chennai Super Kings
Piyush Chawla	23	Left Hand Bat	Leg Break	Uttar Pradesh	Central	C	–	24	Kings XI Punjab
Amit Mishra	29	Right Hand Bat	Leg Break	Haryana	North	C	Test, ODI	99	Deccan Chargers
Pragyan Ojha	25	Left Hand Bat	Slow Left Arm	Hyderabad	South	B	Test	30	Mumbai Indians
Rahul Sharma	25	Right Hand Bat	Leg Break	Punjab	North	C	ODI, T20I	13	Pune Warriors
Harbhajan Singh	31	Right Hand Bat	Off Break	Punjab	North	A	Test, ODI, T20I	3	Mumbai Indians

Players' salaries are as follows:

Grade A – 1 Crore
Grade B – 50 Lakhs
Grade C – 25 Lakhs

Coaching staff

Head coach: Duncan Fletcher
Mental conditioning coach: Vacant
Fitness trainer: Ramji Srinivasan
Physiotherapist: Nitin Patel
Masseur: Ramesh Mane
Performance analyst: C.K.M. Dhananjai
Bowling consultant: Eric Simons

Statistics

International Match Summary - India^[44]
Last updated 31 March 2012.

Format	M	W	L	T	D/NR	Inaugural Match
Playing Record
Test Matches	462	112	147	1	202	25 June 1932
One-Day Internationals	804	397	366	6	35	13 July 1974
Twenty20 Internationals	34	18	15	0	1	1 December 2006

Test Matches

Test record versus other nations^[45]

Opponent	M	W	L	T	D	W/L Ratio
vs Test nations
v Australia	82	20	38	1	23	0.52
v Bangladesh	7	6	0	0	1	-
v England	103	19	38	0	46	0.50
v New Zealand	50	16	9	0	25	1.77
v Pakistan	59	9	12	0	38	0.75
v South Africa	27	7	12	0	8	0.58
v Sri Lanka	35	14	6	0	15	2.33
v West Indies	88	14	30	0	44	0.46
v Zimbabwe	11	7	2	0	2	3.50

Most Test runs for India^[46]

Player	Runs	Average
Sachin Tendulkar	15,470	55.44
Rahul Dravid	13,288	52.31
Sunil Gavaskar	10,122	51.12
V. V. S. Laxman	8,781	45.97
Virender Sehwag	8,178	50.79
Sourav Ganguly	7,212	42.17
Dilip Vengsarkar	6,868	42.13
Mohammad Azharuddin	6,215	45.03
Gundappa Vishwanath	6,080	41.93
Kapil Dev	5,248	31.05

Most Test wickets for India^[47]

Player	Wickets	Average
Anil Kumble	619	29.65
Kapil Dev	434	29.64
Harbhajan Singh	406	32.22
Zaheer Khan	288	31.78
Bishen Singh Bedi	266	28.71
Bhagwat Chandrasekhar	242	29.74
Javagal Srinath	236	30.49
Erapalli Prasanna	189	30.38
Vinoo Mankad	162	32.32
S. Venkataraghavan	156	36.11

One-Day Internationals

ODI record versus other nations^[48]

Opponent	M	W	L	T	NR	Win %
vs Test nations
v Australia	109	37	64	0	8	36.63
v Bangladesh	24	21	3	0	0	87.5
v England	81	43	33	2	3	56.41
v New Zealand	88	46	37	0	5	55.42
v Pakistan	121	48	69	0	4	41.02
v South Africa	66	24	40	0	2	37.50
v Sri Lanka	134	71	51	1	11	58.13
v West Indies	106	46	57	1	2	44.71
v Zimbabwe	51	39	10	2	0	78.43
v {Associate Members}	24	22	2	0	0	91.66

Most ODI runs for India^[49]

Player	Runs	Average
Sachin Tendulkar	18,426	44.83
Sourav Ganguly	11,221	40.95
Rahul Dravid	10,768	39.15
Mohammad Azharuddin	9,378	36.92
Yuvraj Singh	7,959	37.54
Virender Sehwag	7,812	35.50
M. S. Dhoni	6,599	51.15
Ajay Jadeja	5,359	37.47
Gautam Gambhir	4,819	40.49
Navjot Sidhu	4,413	37.08

Most ODI wickets for India^[50]

Player	Wickets	Average
Anil Kumble	334	30.83
Javagal Srinath	315	28.08
Ajit Agarkar	288	27.85
Zaheer Khan	265	29.70
Harbhajan Singh	255	33.52
Kapil Dev	253	27.45
Venkatesh Prasad	196	32.30
Irfan Pathan	165	29.89
Manoj Prabhakar	157	28.87
Ashish Nehra	155	31.60

Twenty20 Internationals

T20I record versus other nations^[51]

Opponent	M	W	L	T	NR	Win %
vs Test nations
v Australia	6	3	3	0	0	50
v Bangladesh	1	1	0	0	0	100
v England	4	1	3	0	0	25
v New Zealand	3	0	3	0	0	0
v Pakistan	2	2	0	0	0	100
v South Africa	6	4	2	0	0	66.6
v Sri Lanka	4	2	2	0	0	50
v West Indies	3	1	2	0	0	33.3
v Zimbabwe	2	2	0	0	0	100
v {Associate Members}	3	2	0	0	1	100

Most T20I runs for India^[52]

Player	Runs	Average
Gautam Gambhir	746	32.43
Suresh Raina	597	31.42
Yuvraj Singh	567	31.50
M. S. Dhoni	549	28.89
Rohit Sharma	415	29.64

Most T20I wickets for India^[53]

Player	Wickets	Average
Harbhajan Singh	18	30.05
Irfan Pathan	17	25.82
R. P. Singh	15	15.00
Ashish Nehra	13	21.07
Zaheer Khan	13	25.15

Captains

Main article: List of India national cricket captains

Sourav Ganguly holds the record for most Tests as India captain (49) and most wins (21).^[54]

Rahul Dravid served as the captain of the Indian cricket team from 2005 to 2007.

Twenty-eight men have captained the Indian cricket team in at least 1 Test match, although only 6 have led the team in more than 25 matches, and 5 have captained the team in ODIs but not Tests. India's first captain was CK Nayudu, who led the team in four matches against England, one in England in 1932 and a series of 3 matches at home in 1933/4. Lala Amarnath, India's fourth captain, led the team in its first Test match after Indian independence. He also captained the side to its first Test victory and first series win, both in a 3-match series at home against Pakistan in 1952/3. The Nawab of Pataudi was captain for 36 matches from 1961/2 to 1969/70, returning for a final 4 matches against West Indies in 1974/5.
India played its first ODI in 1974, under the captaincy of Ajit Wadekar. India won its first ODI under the captaincy of Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan in the 1975 Cricket World Cup, against East Africa.
Sunil Gavaskar took over as Test and ODI captain in the late 1979s and early 1980s, leading India in 47 Test matches and 38 ODIs, winning 9 Tests and 14 ODIs. He was succeeded by Kapil Dev in the 1980s, who continued for 34 Test matches, including 4 victories. Kapil Dev led India to victory in 40 of his 74 ODIs in charge, including the 1983 Cricket World Cup.

Mahendra Singh Dhoni (blue helmet) serves as the current captain and wicketkeeper of the Indian cricket team.

Dilip Vengsarkar took over the captaincy from Kapil Dev after the 1987 Cricket World Cup. Although he started with two centuries in his first series as captain, his captaincy period was turbulent^{[citation needed]} and he lost the job following a disastrous tour of the West Indies in early 1989 and a stand-off with the Indian cricket board (BCCI).
Krishnamachari Srikkanth was made the captain of the Indian team in 1989.He was the captain of the team for India's tour of Pakistan in 1989 and managed to draw all the four Tests of the series. Because of his batting failures in the series^{[citation needed]},the selectors dropped him and made Mohammad Azharuddin captain of the Indian team.
India has had six regular Test captains since Mohammad Azharuddin took charge in 1989. Azharuddin led the team in 47 Test matches from 1989/90 to 1998/9, winning 14, and in 173 ODIs, winning 89. He was followed by Sachin Tendulkar, who captained India in 25 Test matches and 73 ODIs in the late 1990s; Tendulkar was relatively unsuccessful^{[citation needed]} as a captain, winning only 4 Test matches and 23 ODIs. He was replaced as ODI captain by Ajay Jadeja and then Sourav Ganguly;
Ganguly became the regular captain in both forms of cricket in 2000. Ganguly remained captain for the first 5 years of the 2000s and was the most successful captain, winning 21 of his 49 Test matches in charge and 73 of his 141 ODIs. He even lead India to the final of the ICC Cricket World Cup in 2003. Rahul Dravid took over as Test captain in 2005. In his fourth full series in charge, he led India to victory in the West Indies, the first instance of India winning in the Caribbean in over 30 years. In September 2007, Mahendra Singh Dhoni was named as the new captain of the Twenty20 and ODI team after Dravid stepped down from the post. Anil Kumble was appointed Test captain in November 2007, but retired from international cricket in November 2008 after the 3rd Test between India and Australia. Dhoni succeeded him as the test captain, making him the official captain in all forms of cricket.

Fan following

Main article: Cricket in India

Supporters of the Indian cricket team wave the Indian flag during match between India and Australia at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.

Cricket is the de facto national sport of India and has a very wide following among the population of India.^[55] As a result, stadiums are generally filled to capacity at ODI and 20/20 matches on home soil, however, Tests are poorly attended in some cities. Due to large Indian diaspora in nations like Australia, South Africa, and England, a large Indian fan turnout is expected whenever India plays in each of these nations.
There have been a number of official fan groups that have been formed over the years, including the Swami Army or Bharat Army, the Indian equivalent of the Barmy Army, that were very active in their support when India toured Australia in 2003/2004. They are known to attribute a number of popular Indian songs to the cricket team.^[56]

Sudhir Kumar Chaudhary a fan of the Indian Cricket team, travels to all Indian home games with his body painted as the Indian Flag.

Fan rivalry and cross-border tension has created a strong rivalry between the Indian cricket team and the Pakistani cricket team. . In tours between these two nations, cricket visas are often employed to accommodate for the tens of thousands of fans wishing to cross the border to watch cricket. This intense fan dedication is one of the major causes of the Indian Cricket Board's (BCCI) financial success.^[57]
However, there are downsides to having such a cricket-loving population. Many Indians hold cricket very close to their hearts and losses are not received well by the Indian population. In some cases, particularly after losses to Pakistan or after a long string of weak performances, there have been reports of player effigies being burnt in the streets and vandalism of player homes.^[58] In many cases, players have come under intense attention from the media for negative reasons, this has been considered as one of the reasons for Sourav Ganguly being left out of the Indian team. At times, when a match is surrounded by controversy, it has resulted in a debacle. For example, when India slid to defeat against Australia at Brabourne Stadium in 1969, fans began throwing stones and bottles onto the field as well as setting fire to the stands, before laying siege to the Australian dressing rooms. During the same tour, a stampede occurred at Eden Gardens when tickets were oversold and India fell to another loss; the Australian team bus was later stoned with bricks.^[59] A similar event occurred during the 1996 Cricket World Cup, where India were losing the semi-final to Sri Lanka at Eden Gardens. In this case, the fan behaviour was directed at the Indian team in disappointment at their lacklustre performance. An armed guard had to be placed at the home of captain Mohammad Azharuddin to ensure his safety.^[59] Indian fans have also been passionate in their following of Sachin Tendulkar, who has been commonly thought of as one of the best batsmen in the world. Glorified for the bulk of his career, a riot occurred in early 1999 in a Test against Pakistan at Eden Gardens after a collision with Pakistani paceman Shoaib Akhtar saw him run out, forcing police to eject spectators and the game to be played in an empty stadium. Although in 2006, a string of low scores resulted in Tendulkar being booed by the Mumbai crowd when he got out against England^[60]
Often, fans engage in protests regarding players if they believe that regionalism has affected selection, or because of regional partisan support for local players. In 2005, when Sourav Ganguly was dropped due to lack of form, Ganguly's home state of West Bengal erupted in protests.^[61] India later played a match against South Africa in Kolkata, West Bengal. The Indian team was booed by the Bengali crowd who supported South Africa instead of India in response to Ganguly's dropping. Similar regional divisions in India regarding selection have also caused protests against the team, with political activists from the regional Kalinga Kamgar Sena party in Orissa disrupting the arrival of the team in Cuttack for an ODI over the lack of a local player in the team, with one activist manhandling coach Greg Chappell.^[62] Similar treatment was handed to India's Marathi captain Sunil Gavaskar in the 1980s by Bengali crowds, with consecutive Tests in Calcutta requiring police intervention due to crowd rioting.^[60]
However, it should be noted that a successful string of results, victories against arch-rivals Pakistan or victory in major tournaments such as the World Cup are greeted with particular ecstasy from the Indian fans.^[63]

Indian women's cricket team

Members of the Indian cricket team before a Women's Cricket World Cup game in Sydney

Main article: Indian women's cricket team

The Indian women's cricket team has a much lower profile than the men's team. For all national women's cricket teams, the female players are paid much less their male counterparts, and the women's teams do not receive as much popular support or recognition as the men's team. The women's teams also have a less packed schedule compared to men's teams and play fewer matches. The Indian women's cricket team played its first Test match in 1976/7, when they drew with the West Indies in a six-match series.
The Women's Cricket World Cup was held in India in 1978 and featured 4 teams. Despite this, India failed to win either of their two matches. Their next appearance in the Test and ODI circuit was against Australia in 1984, in which the Test series was tied but the ODI series was lost in a humiliating whitewash.
The Indian women's cricket team has since picked up some form, reaching the finals in the last World Cup, but then losing to Australia. The Women's Asia Cup of 2005–06 was won by India, who beat Sri Lanka in the final. They also beat the West Indies in the 2004–05 season, winning the 5 ODI series 5–0. This year the Indian women's team lost to English women's team 4–0 in an ODI Series but beat them in the Twenty20 International and 1–0 in the Test series.